Competitive Exams 2026: Top 10 Most Important Articles in the Indian Constitution

1. Article 14 – Right to Equality: Ensures equality before law and equal protection of laws for all individuals within India.

2. Article 19 – Six Fundamental Freedoms: Includes freedom of speech, expression, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession.

3. Article 21 – Right to Life and Personal Liberty: One of the most interpreted articles; protects life and liberty except through due process of law.

4. Article 32 – Right to Constitutional Remedies: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar called it the “Heart and Soul of the Constitution.” Allows citizens to approach the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

5. Article 368 – Amendment of the Constitution: Describes the procedure for amending the Constitution, including special majority requirements.

6. Article 370 (Now Abrogated) – Special Status to Jammu & Kashmir: Historically important; removed in August 2019, changing the constitutional relationship with J&K.

7. Article 280 – Finance Commission: Establishes the Finance Commission, which decides the distribution of taxes between centre and states.

8. Article 356 – President’s Rule in States: Allows the President to impose central rule if state government fails to function according to the Constitution.

9. Article 368 – Power of Parliament to Amend the Constitution: Crucial for understanding constitutional flexibility and judicial review (Basic Structure Doctrine).

10. Article 51A – Fundamental Duties: Lists the duties expected from every Indian citizen, added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976.